The End by The Beatles
Piano chords, voicings & structure breakdown · 22 steps · 18 unique chords · 1960s
A
Whole song transcribed by
Harmonic Analysis & Structure
Overview
Key: A major · Chords used: 18 · Sections: 3
Form: Intro → Part → Part
Where these chords come from: an expert transcription of the original recording made for the Isophonics reference annotations (Centre for Digital Music, Queen Mary University of London). This page shows that transcription as-is: the analysis below is generated directly from it by code, not written by AI. Consecutive repeats of a chord are shown once, and the piano voicings are our playable arrangement of each chord symbol, not a note-for-note transcription.
Section by section
Intro
- A – D – B – E – A – D♯dim/A (×2)
I – IV – II – V – I – #iv°⁶₄ - A
I
Part 1
- A7 – D7 (×14)
I7 – IV7
Part 2
- A – G/A – F/A – C6/G – Dm7/F – Am/E – Dm – G – C – D/C – E♭/C – F/C – C
I – bVII (bass A) – bVI⁶ – bIII6 (bass G) – iv⁶₅ – i⁶₄ – iv – bVII – bIII – IV (bass C) – bV (bass C) – bVI⁶₄ – bIII
Chord vocabulary
| Chord | Roman numeral | Role | Heard in |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | I | Home chord (tonic) | Intro, Part |
| D | IV | In the key | Intro |
| B | II | Secondary dominant (V/V) | Intro |
| E | V | In the key | Intro |
| D♯dim/A | #iv°⁶₄ | Outside the key (chromatic) | Intro |
| A7 | I7 | Outside the key (chromatic) | Part |
| D7 | IV7 | Outside the key (chromatic) | Part |
| G/A | bVII (bass A) | Borrowed from A minor | Part |
| F/A | bVI⁶ | Borrowed from A minor | Part |
| C6/G | bIII6 (bass G) | Borrowed from A minor | Part |
| Dm7/F | iv⁶₅ | Borrowed from A minor | Part |
| Am/E | i⁶₄ | Borrowed from A minor | Part |
| Dm | iv | Borrowed from A minor | Part |
| G | bVII | Borrowed from A minor | Part |
| C | bIII | Borrowed from A minor | Part |
| D/C | IV (bass C) | Outside the key (chromatic) | Part |
| E♭/C | bV (bass C) | Outside the key (chromatic) | Part |
| F/C | bVI⁶₄ | Borrowed from A minor | Part |
Harmonic highlights
- G/A (bVII (bass A)) is borrowed from the parallel key, A minor.
- F/A (bVI⁶) is borrowed from the parallel key, A minor.
- C6/G (bIII6 (bass G)) is borrowed from the parallel key, A minor.
- Dm7/F (iv⁶₅) is borrowed from the parallel key, A minor.
- Am/E (i⁶₄) is borrowed from the parallel key, A minor.
- Dm (iv) is borrowed from the parallel key, A minor.
- G (bVII) is borrowed from the parallel key, A minor.
- C (bIII) is borrowed from the parallel key, A minor.
- F/C (bVI⁶₄) is borrowed from the parallel key, A minor.
- B acts as V/V: it resolves to E.
Sources & accuracy
- Chords and sections: the Isophonics reference annotations (Centre for Digital Music, Queen Mary University of London). Expert chord and structure annotation of the original recording (CC BY 4.0 via ChoCo).
- Not verified: only one expert transcription of this song is available so far.
- Rhythm and chord durations aren't shown; each step is one chord change.
Sources & Accuracy
Every chord on this page comes from the expert transcription listed first below. Piano voicings are our arrangement of the reported chord symbols, not a note-for-note transcription.
- the Isophonics reference annotations (Centre for Digital Music, Queen Mary University of London)Expert transcription
Annotated from the original recording by trained musicians for a published research dataset.
Expert chord and structure annotation of the original recording (CC BY 4.0 via ChoCo).
All Piano Voicings
| # | Section | Chord | Left hand | Right hand | Sources |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Intro, part 1 (×2) | A | A2, E3 | C♯4, E4, A4 | — |
| 2 | Intro, part 1 (×2) | D | D2, A2 | D4, F♯4, A4 | — |
| 3 | Intro, part 1 (×2) | B | B1, F♯2 | D♯4, F♯4, B4 | — |
| 4 | Intro, part 1 (×2) | E | E2, B2 | E4, G♯4, B4 | — |
| 5 | Intro, part 1 (×2) | A | A2, E3 | E4, A4, C♯5 | — |
| 6 | Intro, part 1 (×2) | D♯dim/A | A2 | F♯4, A4, D♯5 | — |
| 7 | Intro, part 2 | A | A2, E3 | E4, A4, C♯5 | — |
| 8 | Part 1 (×14) | A7 | A2, E3 | E4, G4, C♯5 | — |
| 9 | Part 1 (×14) | D7 | D2, A2 | F♯4, A4, C5 | — |
| 10 | Part 2 | A | A2, E3 | E4, A4, C♯5 | — |
| 11 | Part 2 | G/A | A2 | D4, G4, B4 | — |
| 12 | Part 2 | F/A | A2 | C4, F4, A4 | — |
| 13 | Part 2 | C6/G | G2 | C4, E4, G4, A4 | — |
| 14 | Part 2 | Dm7/F | F2 | C4, D4, F4, A4 | — |
| 15 | Part 2 | Am/E | E2 | C4, E4, A4 | — |
| 16 | Part 2 | Dm | D2, A2 | D4, F4, A4 | — |
| 17 | Part 2 | G | G2, D3 | D4, G4, B4 | — |
| 18 | Part 2 | C | C2, G2 | E4, G4, C5 | — |
| 19 | Part 2 | D/C | C2 | D4, F♯4, A4 | — |
| 20 | Part 2 | E♭/C | C2 | E♭4, G4, B♭4 | — |
| 21 | Part 2 | F/C | C2 | C4, F4, A4 | — |
| 22 | Part 2 | C | C2, G2 | C4, E4, G4 | — |